According to this theory, the genes are physical units located on the chromosomes. It means that one member of gene pair is located on one homologous chromosome and other member of a gene pair is located on the other homologous chromosome.
The German geneticist Karl Correns first suggested a central role of chromosomes in heredity in 1900. Soon after, observations that similar chromosomes paired with one another during Meisosis led directly to the chromosomal theory of inheritance, first formulated by the Amercian Walter Sutton in 1902.
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