Comparison between prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell

Prokaryotic cell	Eukaryotic cell
1.        Lack of organized nucleus. Genetic material is present in the form of nucleiod	Well organized nucleus
2.        Nuclear membrane absent	Present
3.        DNA is not complexed with histones	DNA is complexed with histones to constitute chromatin
4.        DNA in a circular form and not packed into chromosomes	Linear DNA packed into well defined chromosomes
5.        Membrane-bound organelles are absent	Membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Lysosomes, chloroplasts etc are present
6.        Cellular respiration is carried out by plasma membrane.	Cellular respiration by mitochondria.
7.        Absence of nucleoli and mitotic apparatus	Presence of nucleoli and mitotic apparatus
8.        Cell wall made up of murein	Cell wall present in plant cell is made of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin
9.        The cell membrane may infold to form mesosomes	Cell membrane does not from mesosome
10.      Flagella simple, made up of flagellin and 9+2 organization is absent	Flagella specialized and show 9+2 organization
11.      Cytoplasm does not show streaming movement	Cytoplasm usually show streaming movement
12.      Microtubules are absent	Microtubules present
13.      Ribosomes are of 70 S type	Ribosomes are of 80 S type. 70 S type of ribosomes, however occur in plastids and mitochondria
14.      Different kinds of pili present	Absent
15.      Replication of DNA occurs continuously throughout cell cycle	Replication of DNA occurs during S-phase of cell cycle

Posted in: Cell biology (Cytology),Comparison,Microbiology