Phylum
|
Excretory organ
|
|
Porifera
|
No. Diffusion through body surface
|
|
Cnidaria
|
No. Diffusion through body surface
|
|
Ctenophora
|
No. Diffusion through body surface
|
|
Platyhelminthes
|
Protonephredia (Flame cells)
|
|
Nemathelminthes
|
Renette cells
|
|
Annelida
|
Oligochaetes
|
Nephredia (Metanephredia)
|
Polychaetes
|
Protonephredia and metanephredia
|
|
Arthropoda
|
Crustaceans
|
Antennary (Green) glands
|
Arachnids (spiders, scorpions etc), Limulus
|
Coxal glands
|
|
Insecta, chilopods, diplopods
|
Malpighian tubules
|
|
Mollusca
|
General
|
Metanephredia
|
Fresh water mussel
|
Organs of Bojanus, Keber’s organs
|
|
Echinodermata
|
Dermal branchiae
|
|
Hemichordata
|
Proboscis gland
|
|
Chordata
|
Urochordata
|
Neural glands
|
Cephalochordate
|
Protonephredia with solenocytes
|
|
Vertebrata
|
Kidney
|
|
Amphioxus
|
Hatschek’s nephredium, paired nephredia and Brown
funnels
| |
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