Mammalian RBC
|
Non-mammalian RBC
|
1. Spherical or biconcave
|
Oval and biconvex
|
2. Nucleus is lost during maturation so called enucleated
|
Nucleus present throughout the life
|
3. Most of the cell organelles are absent
|
Present
|
4. Anaerobic metabolism
|
Aerobic metabolism
|
5. More amount of haemoglobin
|
Less amount of haemoglobin
|
6. Transportation of more oxygen and CO2
|
Less oxygen is transported by blood
|
Mitosis
|
Meiosis
|
1. It occurs in somatic cells
|
It occurs in reproductive cells
|
2. The whole process completes in one sequence
|
The whole process completes in two sequences (meiosis I and meiosis II)
|
3. It involves only one nuclear division
|
Two nuclear division
|
4. The prophase is of short duration and without any sub-stages
|
The prophase is of longer duration with 5 sub-stages
|
5. No synapsis takes place between the homologous chromosomes
|
Synapsis takes place between the homologous chromosomes
|
6. Chiasma and crossing over are absent
|
Present
|
7. During metaphase the centromere is directed towards the equator of the dividing cell
|
During metaphase the centromere is directed towards the poles of the dividing cell
|
8. The chromosome number remains the same as that of the parent cell
|
The chromosomes number is reduced to half
|
9. Two daughter cells are produced
|
Four daughter cells are produced
|
10. It helps the organism in asexual reproduction
|
It helps the organism in sexual reproduction
|
|
Plant cell
|
Animal cell
|
|
1.
Usually larger in
size
|
Comparatively
smaller in size
|
|
2.
It is enclosed by a
rigid cell wall in addition to plasma membrane
|
No cell wall
|
|
3.
It cannot change its
shape
|
It can often change
in shape
|
|
4.
Plastids are present.
Plant cells exposed to sunlight contain chloroplast
|
Plastids are usually
absent
|
|
5.
A mature plant cell
contains a large central vacuole
|
An animal cell often
possesses many small vacuole
|
|
6.
Nucleus lies on one
side in the peripheral cytoplasm
|
Nucleus usually lies
in the centre
|
|
7.
Centrioles are
usually absent except in motile cells of lower plants
|
Centrioles are practically
present in all animal cells
|
|
8.
Lysosomes are rare
|
Lysosomes are always
present
|
|
9.
Glyoxysomes may be
present
|
Absent
|
|
10.
Tight junctions and
desmosomes are lacking
|
They are present
|
|
11.
Reserve food is
generally in the form of starch
|
Reserve food is
usually glycogen
|
|
12.
It can synthesize
all the amino acids, coenzymes and vitamins required by them
|
It cannot synthesize
all the amino acids, coenzymes and vitamins required by them
|
|
13.
Spindle formed
during cell division is anastral i.e. without asters at esthe poles
|
Spindle formed
during cell division is amphiastral i.e. has an aster at each pole
|
|
14.
Cytokinesis occurs
by cell plate method
|
Cytokinesis occurs
by constriction or furrowing
|
|
15.
Plant cell does not
burst if placed in hypotonic solution due to the presence of the cell wall
|
Animal cells lacking
contractile vacuoles usually burst, if placed in hypotonic solution
|
|
Prokaryotic cell
|
Eukaryotic cell
|
|
1.
Lack of organized
nucleus. Genetic material is present in the form of nucleiod
|
Well organized
nucleus
|
|
2.
Nuclear membrane
absent
|
Present
|
|
3.
DNA is not complexed
with histones
|
DNA is complexed
with histones to constitute chromatin
|
|
4.
DNA in a circular
form and not packed into chromosomes
|
Linear DNA packed
into well defined chromosomes
|
|
5.
Membrane-bound
organelles are absent
|
Membrane-bound
organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus,
Lysosomes, chloroplasts etc are present
|
|
6.
Cellular respiration
is carried out by plasma membrane.
|
Cellular respiration
by mitochondria.
|
|
7.
Absence of nucleoli
and mitotic apparatus
|
Presence of nucleoli
and mitotic apparatus
|
|
8.
Cell wall made up of
murein
|
Cell wall present in
plant cell is made of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin
|
|
9.
The cell membrane
may infold to form mesosomes
|
Cell membrane does
not from mesosome
|
|
10.
Flagella simple,
made up of flagellin and 9+2 organization is absent
|
Flagella specialized
and show 9+2 organization
|
|
11.
Cytoplasm does not
show streaming movement
|
Cytoplasm usually
show streaming movement
|
|
12.
Microtubules are
absent
|
Microtubules present
|
|
13.
Ribosomes are of 70
S type
|
Ribosomes are of 80
S type. 70 S type of ribosomes, however occur in plastids and mitochondria
|
|
14.
Different kinds of
pili present
|
Absent
|
|
15.
Replication of DNA
occurs continuously throughout cell cycle
|
Replication of DNA
occurs during S-phase of cell cycle
|
