Theories, Principles,
Rules or Laws
|
Proposed by
|
1.
‘All plants
& animals are composed of cells’
|
Dutrochet H.J
|
2.
‘Birds are
glorified reptiles’
|
Huxley
|
3.
‘Omnis
cellula e cellula’
|
R.
Virchow
|
4.
‘Protoplasm
is the physical basis of life’
|
Huxley
|
5.
“Abiogenesis
first, but biogenesis ever since”
|
Oparin
|
6.
Allen’s law
|
Allen
|
7.
Apical cell theory of apical meristems
|
Hofmeister
|
8.
Aquatic origin of life- Theory
|
Thales
(624-548 BC)
|
9.
Artificial parthenogenesis-
Theory
|
Loeb
|
10.
Artificial System of
Classification
|
Aristotle
|
11.
Axial gradient theory
|
Child
|
12.
Balance theory of sex in
Drosophila
|
Bridges
G.B (1916)
|
13.
Binomial nomenclature
|
Linnaeus
|
14. Biogenesis (= Theory of movement)
|
Robert
Brown
|
15.
Biogenesis (terrestrial origin) -
Theory
|
Francesco Redi (experimentally proved
by Louis Pasteur in 1862)
|
16.
Biogenetic law- Theory
|
E. Haeckel
|
17.
Biological species concept
|
Ernst Mayer and Dobzensky
|
18.
Cascade effect
|
Sutherland
|
19.
Catastrophism- Theory
|
Cuvier
|
20.
Cell theory
|
Schleiden
and Schwann
|
21.
Central Dogma of Molecular
biology
|
Crick F.H.C
|
22.
Chargaff’s rule
|
Chargaff
|
23.
Chemical evolution (Biochemical
evolution or Chemogeny or molecular evolutiuon or Organic evolution) - Theory
|
Alexander I. Oparin (1923)
Supported by J.B.S Haldane (1928)
|
24.
Chemosynthetic theory of life
|
Oparin and Haldane
|
25.
Chiasma type theory
|
Janssens F.A
|
26.
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
|
Sutton and Boveri
|
27.
Chromosomal theory of linkage
|
Morgan T.H and Castle
|
28.
Cohesion theory of ascent of sap
|
Dixon
and Jolly
|
29.
Conditioned reflex
|
I.P
Pavlov
|
30.
Contagion- Theory
|
Fracastorius
|
31.
Continental drift theory
|
Wagner
|
32.
Cosmozoic theory (Theory of
extraterrestrial origin or theory of panspermia)
|
Richer (1865)
|
33.
Coupling and Repulsion theory
|
Bateson and Punnet
|
34.
Descent with modification
|
Darwin
|
35.
Encasement theory
|
Bonnet
|
36.
Encasement theory
|
Charles Bonnet
|
37.
Epigenesis- Theory
|
C.F Wolff
|
38.
Fertilizin- Antifertilizin theory
|
Lillie F.R (1914)
|
39.
Five kingdom classification
|
Whittaker
|
40.
Fluid mosaic model
|
Singer
and Nicholson
|
41.
Gause hypothesis (Competitive
exclusion principle Hardin)
|
Gause (1937)
|
42.
Gene Theory (Linkage of gene)
|
Morgan T.H (1910)
|
43.
Genic balance theory of sex
determination
|
C.B.
Bridges
|
44.
Germ layer theory
|
Von Baer
|
45.
Germ theory of disease
|
Louis Pasteur
|
46.
Germplasm theory or Germline
theory
|
August Weismann
|
47.
Hardy Weinberg’s law
|
Hardy G.S and Wilhelm Weinberg (1908)
|
48.
Histogen theory of apical
meristem
|
Hanstein
|
49.
Hypothesis of Muscle contraction
|
Huxley and Hanson (1954)
|
50.
Idea of Homoeostasis
|
Claude
Bernard
|
51.
Induced fit Hypothesis of enzyme
|
Koshland
|
52.
Inheritance of acquired
characters- Theory
|
Lamarck Jean Baptiste de (1802)
|
53.
Law of conservation of energy
|
Von
Mayer
|
54.
Law of minimum
|
Liebig
|
55.
Lock and Key Hypothesis
|
Emil
Fischer
|
56.
Materialistic theory
|
Oparin
|
57.
Mechanistic theory
|
Haeckel
|
58.
Mutation theory of evolution
|
Hugo de Vries (1901)
|
59.
Natural selection and Origin of
species
|
Alfred Russel Wallace (1858) &
Charles Robert Darwin (1859)
|
60.
Omnis
cellula e cellula
|
Rudolf Virchow
|
61.
One cistron-one polypeptide
theory
|
C. Yanofsky
|
62.
One gene-one enzyme theory
|
Beadle and Tatum
|
63.
Ontogeny
recapitulates (repeats) phylogeny
|
E. Haeckel
|
64.
Oparin-Haldane Hypothesis
(Primary abiogenesis)
|
A.I. Oparin and J.B.S Haldane
|
65.
Operon concept of gene action
|
Jacob and Monod
|
66.
Opsonisation- Theory
|
Wright and Doughlass
|
67.
Orthogenesis- Theory
|
Ernst Haeckel
|
68.
Pangenesis- Theory
|
Darwin
|
69.
Particulate theory
|
Maupertuis
|
70.
Preformation theory
|
Jan Swammerdam
|
71.
Principles of inheritance
|
Mendel (1865)
|
72.
Protoplasm theory
|
Hertwig
|
73.
Protoplasmic theory
|
M. Schultze
|
74.
Recapitulation theory or
Biogenetic law
|
Von Baer (1828).
It was called as Biogenetic law by
Ernst Haeckel (1868).
|
75.
Semen (Fluid) theory
|
Empedocles (504-433 BC)
|
76.
Sexual selection- Theory
|
Julian
Huxley (1924)
|
77.
Sol gel theory of Amoeba
Locomotion
|
Hyman, Pantin and Mast
|
78.
Special creation- Theory
|
Falter Saurezi
|
79.
Spontaneous generation
(Abiogenesis/Autogenesis) - Theory
|
Anaximander (B.C 611-547)
Aristotle (B.C 384-322)
Epicurus (B.C 342-271)
Helmont (1577-1644)
|
80.
Stelar theory of plants
|
Tiegham and Douliot
|
81.
Survival of the fittest- Theory
|
Spencer
|
82.
Telom theory of Pteridophyta
|
Zimmerman
|
83.
Tunica corpus theory
|
Schmidt
|
84.
Vapour and fluid theory of
heredity
|
Pythagoras
|
85.
Vital theory
|
J.C. Bose
|
0 blogger:
Post a Comment