DISTANCE & DISPLACEMENT & SPEED:

DISTANCE:The length of actual path is known as distance. e.g Distance from home to school, distance from home to masjid, distance from Peshawar to Karachi etc.  DISPLACEMENT:The shortest or straight distance between two points in a particular direction is called displacement. The straight distance between two points A and B is the example of displacement.  DIFFERENCE:             Distance is a scalar quantity, while displacement is a vector quantity.       ...

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TYPES OF MOTION

 TYPES OF :MOTION       Generally the motion is of three types, translatory motion, rotatory motion and vibratory motion. 1)      Translatory Motion:       When a body changes its position as a whole, is called its translatory motion. The line or path of         motion could be straight or curved. Examples:        Motion of a horse or motion of a ball, moving car, falling bodies, rowing...

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MOTION:

MOTION: Definition: If a body changes its position with respect to its surrounding then it is said to be in motion. Examples: i)        When a wagon makes start from its stoop, then a person standing at the stop notices the motion     of the wagon. Because the wagon is changing its position with respect to it’s surrounding. ii)      Similarly, riding on a bicycle, we have the feeling of motion because we are changing our      Position with respect to...

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KINEMATICS:

 KINEMATICS: The branch of physics that deals with the study of motion of objects without reference to force and mass is called kinemati...

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ADVANTAGES OF (SI) SYSTEM:

ADVANTAGES OF (SI) SYSTEM:             Some of the advantages of SI units are the following. These units are used through out the world. Its units are convenient for daily use. Being a metric system, it is easier for use in numerical calculations. The higher and lower units of this system can be easily expressed in powers of 10 in an abbreviated form. MKS system and CGS system are the subsystem of SI. The reason is that the fundamental                        ...

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PREFIXES FOR SI UNITS:

PREFIXES FOR SI UNITS:             Prefixes are a word/ words, used internationally to be multiplied with the basic units. Prefixes are used with those quantities, which are either very large or very small compared with the basic standard unit. e.g thickness of a piece of paper is measured in millimeters, and not in centimeters. The long distance between two cities is given in kilometers.             These prefixes are given...

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MASS AND ITS UNIT:

 MASS AND ITS UNIT: The quantity of matter in a n object is called its mass. According an international decision, the unit of mass is kg. The standard kg is the mass of a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the International Bureau of weight and measures, France. Copies of the standard kg are available all over the wor...

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TIME AND ITS UNIT:

TIME AND ITS UNIT:             The interval between two instants is called duration of time. One mean             Solar second (MSS) was taken as the standard unit of time. It is defined as             1 second (MSS) = 1 x 1  x 1   Mean solar day                                          ...

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SYSTEMS OF UNITS:

 SYSTEMS OF UNITS:             A complete set of units, both basic and derived, used for the measurement of all kinds of physical quantities is called system of units. e.g i) The foot-pound-second (FPS) system. ii) The meter-kilogram-second (MKS) system. iii) The centimeter-gram-second (CGS) system. iv) System International (SI). Seven quantities are chosen as basic and their units are accepted         as standard units. These units are m, kg,...

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PHYSICAL QUANTITY:

 PHYSICAL QUANTITY: To correlate matter and energy, there are some quantities which need to be measured. These quantities are called physical quantities. Some physical quantities are length, weight, time, force, energy etc. MAGNITUDE: The number together with the unit is called the magnitude of a physical quantity. e.g 5 meter, 6 kg,10 sec etc. BASIC UNITS: A physical quantity, whatever it may be, can always be expressed in terms of the units of the seven special distinct physical quantities. These are called basic quantities and their...

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LENGTH AND ITS UNIT:

   LENGTH AND ITS UNIT: Length or distance is a fundamental physical quantity. According to system international the unit of length is called meter. The standard meter is defined as “the distance between two finely drawn lines on platinum-iridium metal rod at 00C”. The standard meter rod is placed in the international Bureau of weight and measures at severe, near Paris, France. Copies of the standard rod are available all over the wor...

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SCIENTIFIC METHOD

 SCIENTIFIC METHOD: The specific method of promoting the knowledge is called scientific method. OR The method which is used for finding the truth is known as scientific method.  The main components of scientific method are given below: 1)                     Observation: It means to examine carefully an event or the natural processes. 2)                    ...

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MEASUREMENT

 MEASUREMENT:Measuring a physical quantity means “comparing it with some standard quantity (unit) to know its magnitude”. e.g A shopkeeper measures the cloth in meters and sugar in kilograms. In school a period is measured in minutes or seconds. UNIT: The standard quantity with which things are compared is called a unit. e.g 5 meter cloth. 3 kg sugar, 40 minutes period. In the above examples meter, kg and minutes are uni...

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CONTRIBUTIONS OF MUSLIM SCIENTISTS

CONTRIBUTIONS OF MUSLIM SCIENTISTS:             The Muslim scientists have played an important role in the field of science and technology. They dominated the field of science from 800 – 1100 AD. A brief discussion about their role is given below.  1) IBNAL-HAITHAM: i)                    Al-Haitham was born in Basra (Iraq) in 965 AD. ii)                 ...

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Movable pulley

Movable pulley  In a moveable pulley, one end of the rope which passes around the pulley is tied to a firm support ‘O’ and effort ‘P’ is applied to the other end. The load is hung from the hook of the block. As the load is applied by two segments of rope,the effort becomes twice of the applied value i.e.EFFORT = 2 x PIn equilibrium condition we haveLoad = Effort W = 2PDividing both sides by PW/P = 2but [W/P = M.A]thus M.A. ...

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Deformation

6a) state that a force may produce a change in size and shape of a body.         A force can change both the size and shape of a body. This process is called deformation. Though we will mainly study only elastic deformation, this post covers the basics of elastic deformation as well as plastic deformation.Elastic deformation        In elastic deformation, an object changes its size or shape when a force is applied on it. However, once the force stops acting on the object,...

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Stability and Center of Mass

(f) describe qualitatively the effect of the position of the center of mass on the stability of simple objects.As in most occasions, the center of mass and the center of gravity of an object act at the same point, we can consider the effects of center of gravity on the stability of an object. The center of gravity of an object affects its stability in two ways.Position of center of gravityThe lower the center of gravity of an object is, the stabler it is. Objects with higher center of gravity...

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